Smoke and gas consuming furnace



(No Model.)

. W. O. P. BISSELL.

Smoke and Gas Consuming Furnace.

No. 234,385. Patented Nov. 16,1880.

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N PETERS, FMOTO-LI1NQGHAPHER, WASHINGTON o c UNTTEE STATEs YVILLIAM O. P. BISSELL,

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SMOKE AND GAS CONSUMING FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 234,385, dated November 16, 1880.

Application filed April 19, 18E0. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM G. P. BIssELL, of Chicago, in the county of (look and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Smoke and Gas Gonsumin g Furnace; and I hereby declare the following to he a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, that will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to construct and operate the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, forming a part of this specification.

The object of this invention is the improved construction and operation of a furnace or combustion-chamber, adapted to be used in connection with a steam-generator or heating apparatus, and is intended thereby to consume a large proportion of the smoke and volatile gases, which, under ordinary circumstances, are now wasted; and it consists in certain novel features, the exact arrangement of which will be hereinafter more fully described in detail, and set forth in the claims.

Figure l is a view, in perspective, of my improved furnace; Fig. a view of the rear end of the same. showing draft-openings; Fig. 3, a vertical longitudinal section in the plane 00 00, Figs. 2 and 4; Fig. 4, a vertical transverse section in the plane y y, Fig. 3.

In order to enable others to fully understand my invention, I will first describe the construction and arrangement of the furnace, and then the operation thereof.

Referring'to the drawings, A represents the walls inclosing the combustion-chamber, and B a temporary top covering the same. The outlet to, for the escape of the smoke from the furnace into the chimney, is shown at the rear end of the furnace but when a return-flue boiler is used the chimney-connection will be at the front end, the same as under the ordinary arrangement. This combustion-chamber is divided longitudinally into two compartments by the partition-wall 5, which extends from the upper side of the grate-bars to the under side of the boiler or top of the furnace. The bridge-wall being dispensed with the combustion chamber extends backward to the point where the valves or dampers 6 and 7 are located, which are for the purpose of shutting off the draft by closing the communication between the combustion-chamber and the smoke-eompartment 8.

The partition-wall 5, passing through the longitudinal center of the combustion-chamher, is provided at the front end with the opening 9, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. This opening provides a communication between the two compartments forming the combustion-chamber, and is for the purpose of changing the draft, as will be fully explained farther along.

The dampers 6 and 7 are provided with the operating stems or handles 10. These dampers maybe constructed to open and close in a circular plane, as shown, or arranged to slide inward and outward, as may be the most con-- venient.

The ash-pit ll extends the whole length of the walls inclosing the furnace, and is divided through its longitudinal center by the partitionwall 12. This arrangement gives a continuous passage from end to end, and permits of the air being introduced from the rear end, through the openings 13 and 14, and passed to the combustion-chainber, as well as through the draft-openings 15 and 16 at the front end of the furnace. These several openings into the ash-pit and into the combustion-chamber are supplied with the usual doors for closing the same, but are here omitted.

The floor or dead-grate surface 17 is on a level with the grate-bars, and extends backward from the rear end of the same to the rear wall inclosing the back end of the furnace. This floor or continuation of the grate-surface separates the ash-pit from the smoke compartment or passage 8, and prevents direct communication with the same at the rear end, thereby compelling all the air entering the ashpit to ascend into the combustion-chamber through the grate-bars proper, and at a point in front of the dampers 6 and 7.

The operation is as follows: When the fire is first started in the furnace the draft-openings at the back end should be kept closed and the process of combustion regulated by the draft-openings into the ash-pit in front.

Both dampers should remain open. After the 100 fire is well under headway, and it is time to add more fuel, it should be done alternately,

first one side of the combustion-chamber and then the other, in the following manner: If

the fire on the right side of the furnace is to be replenished the draft-opening in front on that side should be closed, as also should be the damper 7 on the same side, and the draftopening 13, at the back end and on the same side should be opened. Now, add the necessary fuel to the right side of the divided combustion-chamber, and the smoke and gases from the right side are compelled to pass through the opening 8 into the left side of the furnace, and, passing over the eoked fire, are ignited and consumed, this operation being repeated alternately, the smoke and gases first going to the left and next to the right through the opening or passage 9, the dampers and draft-openings being regulated accordingly. By this method the smoke and gases of the freshly-added fuel are compelled to pass over the eoked fire in the alternate furnace, and a large proportion is thereby necessarily con sumed, causing a saving in fuel and preventing great volumes of smoke from passing into the atmosphere.

I am aware that the employment of a twin furnace and the arrangement of alternating dampers in connection therewith, substantially as herein described, is not new or original with me. I therefore make no claim, separately, to these features.

The air admitted at the rear end of the ashpit on that side of the furnace to which fuel has been last supplied necessarily passes through the warm ash-pit and first comes in contact with the rear ends of the grate-bars, instead of the front, thereby more equally distributing and thoroughly heating the air before it mingles and passes with the smoke and gases from that side of the combustion-chamher last charged into the chamber on the opposite side, where the tire is in an incandescent state. The relative quantity of air to be admitted in order to produce perfect combustion in ust-be ascertained and regulated by the attendant, as no established or fixed rule can be given, for the reason that different kinds of fuel will require a greater or less quantity of air.

Heretofore the air has been generally admitted at the front end of the furnace, a greater portion of which would escape into the opposite side of the combustion-chamber without first mingling with the smoke and becoming heated to a proper degree to insure perfect combustion.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

A smoke and consumingfurnace having an ash-pit extending the whole length of the walls inclosing the eombustioil-chamber, the rear part of which is separated from passage 8 by means of the floor 17, said ash-pit being divided into two distinct compartments by a longitudinal partition-wall, and provided, in addition to the usual draft-openin gs in front, with draft-openin gs at the back end of the inclosing-walls for admitting air at that point into each compartment composing the ash-pit, the parts being arranged and substantially as herein shown and described.

\VILLIAM O. P. BISSELL.

Witnesses:

O. E. RICHARDSON, 1%. E. MILLER. 

